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Preheat oven to 400ºF.
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Use a fork to smash the black beans in a large bowl. You can leave some intact, but you want about half of them to be mashed because this helps the burgers stay together.
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Stir in the quinoa, panko, garlic, chipotle, onion powder, and cumin. Mix well, taste, and season with as much salt as needed, then fold in the egg.
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Line a large baking sheet with parchment paper. Divide the burger mixture into 6 equal parts and shape each one into a bun-sized patty on the parchment. Spray the tops with oil or cooking spray.
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Bake the burgers for 10 minutes; flip carefully, spray again, and cook for 10-15 minutes more, or until slightly crisp and beginning to brown on the edges. (If you're using cheese, you can put slices on the patties in the last 3 minutes of cooking time.)